You place the muscle cells on the outside.
You place the vascular blood vessel lining cells on the inside.
You now have your fully seeded scaffold.
You're going to place this in an oven-like device.
It has the same conditions as a human body,
37 degrees centigrade,
95 percent oxygen.
You then exercise it, as what you saw on that tape.
And on the right you actually see a carotid artery that was engineered.
This is actually the artery that goes from your neck to your brain.
And this is an X-ray showing you
the patent, functional blood vessel.
More complex structures
such as blood vessels, urethras, which I showed you,
they're definitely more complex
because you're introducing two different cell types.
But they are really acting mostly as conduits.
You're allowing fluid or air to go through
at steady states.
They are not nearly as complex as hollow organs.
Hollow organs have a much higher degree of complexity,